Kwathatha amawaka eminyaka ukuba izikrufu ezincinci ziyilwe de ziqiniswe ngokwewotshi kwaye zikhululeke ngokuhambelana newotshi. Ngaba umgubo wegolide ucinge ngengxaki, kutheni kufuneka ziqiniswe ngokwewotshi?
Ezona zixhobo zilula zintandathu zoomatshini zezi:Izikrufu, imiphezulu eNcinciweyo, iiLevers, iiPulleys, iiWeji, amavili, ii-asi.
Isikrufu siphakathi koomatshini abathandathu abalula, kodwa ukuyibeka ngokuthe ngqo, yi-axis kunye nenqwelomoya etyekeleyo ejikelezayo. Namhlanje, izikrufu ziphuhlise ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo. Indlela eqhelekileyo yokusebenzisa isikrufu kukusiqinisa ngokwe-clockwise (ngokuchasene ne-counterclockwise ukukhulula).
Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni i-screws ekuqaleni kokuqulunqwa zonke zenziwe ngesandla, ukucolwa kwee-screws kwakungahambelani, okwakudla ngokugqitywa ngokukhetha komntu wengcibi.
Phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-16, injineli yenkundla yaseFransi, uJaques Besson, yenza i-lathe eyayinokusikwa ibe zizikhonkwane, yaye obu bugcisa baziwa kamva kwiminyaka eli-100. INgesi uHenry Maudsley wenza i-lathe yanamhlanje ngo-1797, kwaye ngayo, ukucolwa kwemisonto kwaphuculwa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mgangatho ufanayo wobungakanani kunye nokucolwa kwezikrufu.
Le meko yatshintsha ngo-1841. UJoseph Whitworth, owayengumfundi waseMaudsley, wangenisa inqaku kwiZiko leeNjineli zikaMasipala efuna kudityaniswe iimodeli zesikrufu. Wenza iingcebiso ezimbini:
1. Ukuthambekela kwentambo ye-screw kufuneka ibe yi-55 °.
2. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ububanzi be-screw, umgangatho othile kufuneka wamkelwe kwinani leengcingo ngeenyawo.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Epreli-16-2020